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\mkn `oI-c-X-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ
Ub-dn-¡p-dn-¸p-I-fn-eqsS temIs¯ \Sp-¡nb blpZ _men-I-bmWv B³{^m-¦v.
B³{^m-¦n\v Xsâ ]Xn-aq¶mw P·-Zn-\-¯n k½m-\-ambn e`n-¡p-¶-XmWv Ub-dn.
Inän F¶mWv B Ub-dn¡v t]cn-«-Xv. 1942 Pq¬ 14 apXÂ AhÄ B Ub-dn-bnÂ
FgpXn XpS-§n. Xsâ {]nb-s¸« Iq«p-Im-cn¡v Is¯-gp-Xp-¶Xp t]mse, U¨v `mj-bn-emWv
B³ Xsâ Ub-dn-¡p-dn-¸p-IÄ Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-¶-Xv. Hcp BßmÀ° kplr-¯mbn B³ Cu
Ub-dnsb ImWp-¶p-v. X\n¡v Hscmä BßmÀ° kplr¯p t]mepw CÃm-¯-XmWv Cu
Ubdn FgpXn XpS-§m³ Imc-W-sa¶pw B³ ]d-bp-¶p-v. 1947 Â {]kn-²o-I-cn¨
B\nsâ Ub-dn-¡p-dn-¸p-IÄ 60 Hmfw `mj-I-fn hnhÀ¯\w sNbvXn-«p-v.
temI¯v
Gähpw AZnIw \miw hnX¨ bp²-amWv cmw temI alm-bp-²w. B Ime¯v km[m-cW
P\-§Ä A\p-`-hn¨ bmX-\-I-fpw, \mkn-I-fpsS {Iqc-X-Ifpw \nc-]-cm-[n-I-fmb
blqZ-cpsS Zpcn-X-§fpw B³ Xsâ Cu Ub-dn-bn Ipdn¨p sh¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.
Pohn-X-¯n\pw
ac-W-¯n\pw CS-bn Ign-bp¶ F«v P·-§-fpsS cp hÀjs¯ IY-bmWo
Ub-dn-¡p-dn-¸p-IÄ AXn-te-sd-bmbn B³ F¶ Iuam-c-¡m-cn-bpsS kz]v\-§-fpw.
B\nsâ UmUnbpw a½nbpw tN¨nbpw B\pw tNÀ¶ ho«nse \à \nan-j-§Ä hf-sc-¡p-ds¨
CXn DÅq. B Ime¯p t]mepw blp-Z-cm-b-Xnsâ t]cn A\p-`-hn-t¡n h¶ bmX-\-Isf
Ipdn-¨n-Xn ]d-bp-¶p-v.
aª \£-{X-Nn-Ów
[cn¨p thWw ]pd-¯n-d-§m³. ssk¡nsfm aäp hml-\-§sfm D]-tbm-Kn-¡-cp-Xv.
blp-ZÀ¡mbn {]tXyIw A\p-h-Zn¨ IS-bn \n¶pw km[-\-§Ä 3 aWn¡pw 5 aWn¡pw
CS-bn am{Xw hm§mw. kn\na Xn¿-äÀ, tlm¡n If-§Ä, tÌUn-b-§Ä, \o´Â¡p-f-§Ä
FÃmw \ntcm-[n-¡-s¸-«p.
amÀsKm-«n\p h¶
ka³kmWv (tN-¨n) Hfn-¯m-h-f-¯n-te-¡pÅ Ah-cpsS amä-¯n\p thKX Iq«n-b-Xv.
XpSÀ¶pÅ cp hÀjw B\nsâ Pohn-X-¯nse Ccp Ime-L-«-am-bn-cp-¶p.
Hfn-¯m-h-f-¯nsâ Hcn hniZ hnh-cWw B³ \ap¡p \ÂIp-¶p-v. hmNm-e-bmb
B\n\v Znhkw apgp-h³ \ni-_vZ-bm-bn-cn-¡Ww F¶-Xm-bn-cp¶ Gähpw
_p²n-ap-«v. B\nsâ ]e {]hr-¯n-I-fpw, ]e-t¸mgpw hnaÀi-\-¯n\p `mK-am-Im-dp-v.
X\n¡v Xtâ-Xmb A`n-{]m-b-§Ä Ds¶ Dd¨ \ne-]m-Sm-Wn-Xn\p Imc-Ww. Hcp
hnNn{X t_mÀUnw-§n \n¡p¶ t]mse F¶mWv B³ Cu Hfn-¯m-hf hmks¯
hnti-jn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv. hÀ¯-am\ Imcy-§Ä XÕ-abw Adn-bm-\pÅ GI amÀ¤w
tdUntbm BWv.
Ch-tcm-sSm¸w
Hfn-¯m-hfw ]¦n-Sm³ hm³Um³ IpSpw_w F¯nb-sXmsS Hfn-¯m-hfw Hcp hg-¡p-I-fpsS
tI{µw IqSn-bm-bn. hm³Um³ Z¼-Xn-I-fpsS hg¡v tI«v ]e-t¸mgpw B³ t]Sn-¨n-«p-v.
a½nbpw B\pw
Bbn ]e-t¸mgpw hg-¡p-IÄ Dm-Im-dp-v. A½ X§sf Ip«n-I-sf-t¸m-se-sbm,
kplr-¯n-s\-t¸m-setbm Aà ImtW--sX-¶pw, Iuam-c-¯n-se¯n \n¡p¶ a¡sf a\-kn-em-¡p-¶,
]cn-l-kn-¡m¯ A½-bm-Wm-th--sX¶pw B³ ]e-t¸mgpw ]d-bp-¶-XmWn ImWp-¶p.
a½n X§sf a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶nà F¶-XmWv asämcp ]cm-Xn. F¶m a½nsb
IqSp-X-embn Ah-K-Wnt¨m F¶v B\n\p tXmav\n-bp-«p-v. Hfn-¯m-hf
Pohn-X-¯nse GI B{i-b-amb A½ t]mepw Xs¶ Ipä-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶Xv B\n\v ]e-t¸mgpw
hnj-a-am-Im-dp-v.
B\nsâ
IpSpw-_-¯n asä-´n-t\-¡m-fp-tasd hmb-\bv¡p {]m[m\yw \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶p.
hntij Ah-k-c-§-fn AhÀ ]e-t¸mgpw k½m-\-ambn \ÂIp-¶Xpw ]pkvX-I-§Ä Xs¶.
Cu kwkvImcw temI-¯n-se-Ãm-hÀ¡pw A\p-I-c-Wo-b-am-Wv. Hfn-bn-S-¯nse
hnc-k-Xbpw Hä-s¸-S-ep-am-bn-cp¶p B\nsâ Ipdn-¸p-I-fn Gsd-bp-m-bn-cp-¶-Xv.
Ipfn-apdn CÃm¯
Ch-cpsS Hfn-¯m-h-f-¯nse BgvN-bn-sem-cn-¡-epÅ
Ipfn-sb-¡p-dn¨p hÀ®n-¡p-¶Xv hfsc ck-I-c-am-Wv. NnÃp hmXn-epÅ
ASp-¡-f-bn-epw, clky Hm^o-kn-epw, ASp-¡-f-bpsS aqe-bpw, ap³h-is¯
Hm^o-kp-am-bn-cp¶p Ah-cpsS Ipfn-ap-dn. bp² ]ptcm-K-Xn-sb-¡p-dn-¨pÅ
hmÀ¯-IÄ am{X-amWv ChÀ¡v kt´m-jn-¡m-\pÅ hI \ÂIn-bn-cp-¶-Xv.
tIm¬k³t{S-j³ Iym¼nse Zpcn-X-§-sf Ipdn¨v B³ ]d-bp-¶p-v.
\qdm-fp-Iġv
s#mcp Ipfn-apdn am{Xw. Bh-iy-¯n\v I¡q-kp-I-fn-Ã.
kv{XoI-fpw, ]pcp-j-·mcpw H¶n-¨m-Wp-d-§p-¶-Xv. kZm-Nmc ewL-\-§Â X·qew
kw`-hn-¡p-¶p. Ch-scÃmw hnj hmXI Ad-I-fn acn¨p hogp-¶p.
Iym¼p-I-fnse
Pohn-X-hp-ambn Xmc-Xayw sN¿p-t¼mÄ X§-fpsS PohnXw
kzÀ¤-am-sW¶v B³ Icp-Xn-bn-cp-¶p.
Hfn-¯m-h-f-¯nÂ
\n¶v GXp \nan-jhpw ]nSn-¡-s¸-Sp-sa¶pw acWw
Dd-¸m-sW¶pw B\n-\-cn-bm-am-bn-cp-¶p. F¶m Pohn-X-t¯m-SpÅ AS-§m¯ sImXn
AhÄ¡v Bß-ss[cyw \ÂIn. Hcp ]{X-{]-hÀ¯I BI-W-sa-¶m-bn-cp¶p Ah-fpsS
B{K-lw. acW tijhpw HmÀ½n-¡-s¸-Sm³ AhÀ B{K-ln-¨p. A£-c-§-fmWv AXn\p
]änb hgn-I-sf¶v Ah a\-Ên-em-¡n. Fgp-Xp-¶-Xn-eqsS Xsâ ZpxJ§Ä
hne-s¨-dn-bp-I-bm-sW¶v B³ Fgp-Xn. Cuhm-bpsS kz]v\w, ImUn-bpsS PohnXw
XpS-§n-b Nne IY-IÄ B³ Fgp-Xn-bp-«p-v. Xsâ IrXn-I-fpsS Gähpw \Ã
hnaÀiI B³ Xs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p. \Ã-tXXv No¯-tbXv F¶v IrXy-am-b-hÄ
hne-bn-cp-¯n. hmbn¨ ]pkvX-I-§-sf-¡p-dn¨pw B³ hne-bn-cp-¯p-am-bn-cp-¶p.
\Ã \ncq-]-I-bmWv B³ F¶v \nkw-ibw \ap¡p ]dbmw
]e-t¸mgpw \Ã
`£Ww B\n\p e`n-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã. icocw saen-bm³
B{K-ln-¡p-¶-hÀ¡p ]änb `£-W-sa-¶mWv AhÄ AXns\ hnti-jn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv.
sImgp-¸v, sh®,
kky F®-IÄ, hdp¯ Dcp-f³ Ing-§p-IÄ H¶pw R§Ä¡p Ign-¡m³ In«n-bn-Ã.
BsI-bp-ÅXv Hm«vkv Iªn am{Xw. ho¸-¡p-Ån kq£n-¨n-cp¶ Imt_Pv \pdp-¡n-bXv
BWv C¶v R§-fpsS A¯mgw Hcp hÀjw ]g-¡-apÅ Imt_-Pnsâ ZpÀKÔw Duln-¡m-a-sÃm.
Ct¸mÄ apdn \ndsb Agp-Inb ¹w ]g-§-fp-sSbpw No ap«-I-fp-sSbpw
ZpÀKv[-am-Wv.
Cu hÀjw _ncpZw
e`n-t¡--hcpw XpSÀ¶p ]Tn-t¡--hcpw PÀa-\n-tbmSp Iqdp-s¶p FgpXn
sImSp-¡-W-sa¶ hmÀ¯ B\n\v PÀ½-\n-tbm-SpÅ hntcm[w hÀ²n-¸n-¨p. kzmX-{´y-¯n\p
thn-bmWv B³ Gä-hp-a-[nIw B{K-ln-¨-Xv. kzbw Xs¶-¸-än-bpÅ
hne-bn-cp-¯-tem-sS-bmWv B\nsâ Ubdn Ah-km-\n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. 1944 HmKÌv
H¶n\v BWv B³ Xsâ Ubdn Ah-km-\-am-sb-gp-Xn-b-Xv. HmKÌv \men\v PÀ½³ ssk\o-IÀ
Hfn-¯m-h-f-¯n \n¶v {^m¦ IpSpw-_s¯ AdÌv sNbvXp. _ÀK³ _Âk-bnse ]oT\
Iym¼n h¨v B\pw, ktlm-Z-cnbpw ssS^Uv tcmKw ]nSn-s¸«v acn-¨p.
apXn˦
Hcm-fp-sSXp t]mse-bm-bn-cp¶p B³{^m-¦nsâ Fgp-¯pw,
kwkm-chpw Hcp ]Xn-aq-¶p-Im-cn-bpsS Ub-dn-¡p-dn-¸p-IÄ BWv Ah F¶v
hniz-kn-¡m³ km[n-¡n-Ã. A{Xbpw hnim-e-am-bn-cp¶p B\nsâ Imgv¨-¸m-Sp-IÄ.
B\nsâ Cu ]IzX ]e-t¸mgpw aäp-Å-hÀ a\-kn-em-¡n-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. hmbm-Sn-bpw,
FSp-¯p-Nm-«-¡m-cnbpw F¶ hnti-j-W-am-W-hÄ¡v e`n-¨-Xv. F´n-s\bpw FXnÀ¯p
kwkm-cn-¡p-¶-Xpw, aäp-Å-h-cpsS D]-tZiw sNhn-sIm-Åm-Xn-cn-¡p-¶Xpw B\nsâ
ioe-am-Wv. Bh-iy-¯n-tesd D]-tZ-i-§Ä Rm³ Xs¶ X\n¡v \ÂIp-¶p-s-¶mWv
B³ CXn-s\-¸än ]d-bp-¶-Xv. aäp s]¬Ip-«n-I-tfmSv Xs¶ D]-an-¡p-¶Xpw B³
Gsd shdp-¯n-cp-¶p. Xsâ {]hr-¯n-IÄ asäm-cmÄ sN¿p-¶Xp t]mse amdn \n¶p \ocn-£n-¡p-Ibpw
hnaÀin-¡p-Ibpw B³ sNbvXn-cp-¶p. X¶nse \·bpw Xn·bpw AhÄ Ip ]nSn-¨p.
B\nsâ
Ipkr-Xn-IÄ \½-en aµ-lmkw P\n-¸n-¡p-¶p. `mjm-ssj-en-bpw, Imcy-§Ä
Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p¶ coXnbpw \s½ Ccp¯n Nn´n-¸n-¡p-¶p. B³ Xsâ _mey-hpw,
Iuam-c-hpw, `qX-hpw, `mhnbpw hfsc X·-b-Xz-t¯msS Ub-dn-¡p-dn-¸p-I-fnÂ
Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. |